硬盘引导型故障分析及排除

computer

<P><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Arial Unicode MS'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Arial Unicode MS'">硬盘引导型故障一般在启动机器时出现，这种故障有可能是系统本身的原因造成的，也可能是由病毒引起的。由病毒引起的故障通过查杀毒就能解决，因此下面就分析病毒以外的故障，供大家参考：</SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体"><FONT face="宋体, MS Song"> <SPAN lang=EN-US><?xml:namespace prefix = o ns = "urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:office" /><o:p></o:p></SPAN></FONT></SPAN></P>
<P><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体"><FONT face="宋体, MS Song">1</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Arial Unicode MS'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Arial Unicode MS'">、</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体"><FONT face="宋体, MS Song">HDD controller failure(</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Arial Unicode MS'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Arial Unicode MS'">硬盘驱动器控制失败</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体"><FONT face="宋体, MS Song">)<o:p></o:p></FONT></SPAN></P>
<P><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Arial Unicode MS'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Arial Unicode MS'">　　这是启动机器时，由</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体"><FONT face="宋体, MS Song">POST</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Arial Unicode MS'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Arial Unicode MS'">程序向驱动器发出寻道命令后，驱动器在规定时间内没有完成操作而产生的超时错误。出现这种错误，有可能你的硬盘已经损坏了。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体"><FONT face="宋体, MS Song">2</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Arial Unicode MS'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Arial Unicode MS'">、</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体"><FONT face="宋体, MS Song">C:drive failure(</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Arial Unicode MS'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Arial Unicode MS'">硬盘</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体"><FONT face="宋体, MS Song">C</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Arial Unicode MS'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Arial Unicode MS'">驱动失败</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体"><FONT face="宋体, MS Song">)<o:p></o:p></FONT></SPAN></P>
<P><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体"><FONT face="宋体, MS Song">RUN SETUP UTTLITY(</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Arial Unicode MS'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Arial Unicode MS'">运行设置功能</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体"><FONT face="宋体, MS Song">)<o:p></o:p></FONT></SPAN></P>
<P><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Arial Unicode MS'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Arial Unicode MS'">　　</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体"><FONT face="宋体, MS Song">Press to Resume(</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Arial Unicode MS'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Arial Unicode MS'">按键重新开始</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体"><FONT face="宋体, MS Song">)<o:p></o:p></FONT></SPAN></P>
<P><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Arial Unicode MS'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Arial Unicode MS'">　　这种故障一般是因为硬盘的类型设置参数与格式化时所用的参数不符。由于</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体"><FONT face="宋体, MS Song">IDE</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Arial Unicode MS'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Arial Unicode MS'">硬盘的设置参数是逻辑参数，所以这种情况多数由软盘启动后，</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体"><FONT face="宋体, MS Song">C</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Arial Unicode MS'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Arial Unicode MS'">盘也能够正常读写，只是不能启动。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体"><FONT face="宋体, MS Song">3</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Arial Unicode MS'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Arial Unicode MS'">、</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体"><FONT face="宋体, MS Song">Invalid Drive Specification(</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Arial Unicode MS'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Arial Unicode MS'">无效的驱动器号</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体"><FONT face="宋体, MS Song">)<o:p></o:p></FONT></SPAN></P>
<P><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Arial Unicode MS'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Arial Unicode MS'">　　如果一个分区或逻辑驱动器在分区表里的相应表项已不存在，那么对于操作系统来说，该分区或逻辑驱动器也就不存在了，因此这种故障问题一般出在分区表。修复这类故障，最简单的方法是事先做好分区表的备份，比如</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体"><FONT face="宋体, MS Song">Pctools9.0</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Arial Unicode MS'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Arial Unicode MS'">、</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体"><FONT face="宋体, MS Song">Kv3000</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Arial Unicode MS'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Arial Unicode MS'">等都有这项功能。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体"><FONT face="宋体, MS Song">4</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Arial Unicode MS'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Arial Unicode MS'">、</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体"><FONT face="宋体, MS Song">Error Loading Operation System(</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Arial Unicode MS'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Arial Unicode MS'">调进操作系统错误</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体"><FONT face="宋体, MS Song">)<o:p></o:p></FONT></SPAN></P>
<P><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Arial Unicode MS'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Arial Unicode MS'">　　这类故障是在读取分区引导区（</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体"><FONT face="宋体, MS Song">BOOT</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Arial Unicode MS'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Arial Unicode MS'">区）出错时提示的。其原因可能一是分区表指示的分区起始物理地址不正确。比如由于误操作而把分区表项的起始扇区号（在第三字节）由</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体"><FONT face="宋体, MS Song">1</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Arial Unicode MS'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Arial Unicode MS'">改为</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体"><FONT face="宋体, MS Song">0</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Arial Unicode MS'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Arial Unicode MS'">，因而</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体"><FONT face="宋体, MS Song">INT 13H</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Arial Unicode MS'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Arial Unicode MS'">读盘失败后，即报此错；二是分区引导扇区所在磁道的磁道标志和扇区</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体"><FONT face="宋体, MS Song">ID</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Arial Unicode MS'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Arial Unicode MS'">损坏，找不到指定扇区；三是驱动器读电路故障。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体"><FONT face="宋体, MS Song">5</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Arial Unicode MS'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Arial Unicode MS'">、硬盘不能引导系统，如有软驱，则由</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体"><FONT face="宋体, MS Song">A</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Arial Unicode MS'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Arial Unicode MS'">驱引导，显示：</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Arial Unicode MS'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Arial Unicode MS'">　　</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体"><FONT face="宋体, MS Song">DRIVE NOT READY ERROR(</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Arial Unicode MS'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Arial Unicode MS'">设备未准备好</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体"><FONT face="宋体, MS Song">)<o:p></o:p></FONT></SPAN></P>
<P><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Arial Unicode MS'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Arial Unicode MS'">　　</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体"><FONT face="宋体, MS Song">Insert Boot Diskette in A</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Arial Unicode MS'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Arial Unicode MS'">：</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体"><FONT face="宋体, MS Song">(</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Arial Unicode MS'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Arial Unicode MS'">插入引导盘到</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体"><FONT face="宋体, MS Song">A</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Arial Unicode MS'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Arial Unicode MS'">驱</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体"><FONT face="宋体, MS Song">)<o:p></o:p></FONT></SPAN></P>
<P><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Arial Unicode MS'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Arial Unicode MS'">　　</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体"><FONT face="宋体, MS Song">Press any key when ready(</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Arial Unicode MS'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Arial Unicode MS'">准备好后按任意键</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体"><FONT face="宋体, MS Song">)<o:p></o:p></FONT></SPAN></P>
<P><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Arial Unicode MS'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Arial Unicode MS'">　　这是由于由硬盘引导系统，就要通过</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体"><FONT face="宋体, MS Song">BIOS</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Arial Unicode MS'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Arial Unicode MS'">中</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体"><FONT face="宋体, MS Song">INT 19H</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Arial Unicode MS'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Arial Unicode MS'">固定读取硬盘</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体"><FONT face="宋体, MS Song">0</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Arial Unicode MS'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Arial Unicode MS'">面</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体"><FONT face="宋体, MS Song">0</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Arial Unicode MS'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Arial Unicode MS'">道</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体"><FONT face="宋体, MS Song">1</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Arial Unicode MS'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Arial Unicode MS'">扇区，寻找主引导程序和分区表。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体"><FONT face="宋体, MS Song">INT 19H</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Arial Unicode MS'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Arial Unicode MS'">读取主引导扇区的失败原因有：第一，硬盘读电路故障，使读操作失败，属硬件故障；二，</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体"><FONT face="宋体, MS Song">0</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Arial Unicode MS'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Arial Unicode MS'">面</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体"><FONT face="宋体, MS Song">0</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Arial Unicode MS'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Arial Unicode MS'">道磁道格式和扇区</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体"><FONT face="宋体, MS Song">ID</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Arial Unicode MS'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Arial Unicode MS'">逻辑或物理损坏，找不到指定的扇区；第三，读盘没有出错，但读出的</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体"><FONT face="宋体, MS Song">MBR</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Arial Unicode MS'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Arial Unicode MS'">尾标不为</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体"><FONT face="宋体, MS Song">"55AA"</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Arial Unicode MS'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Arial Unicode MS'">，系统认为</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体"><FONT face="宋体, MS Song">MBR</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Arial Unicode MS'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Arial Unicode MS'">不正确，这是软故障。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体"><FONT face="宋体, MS Song">6</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Arial Unicode MS'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Arial Unicode MS'">、</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体"><FONT face="宋体, MS Song">Non</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Arial Unicode MS'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Arial Unicode MS'">－</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体"><FONT face="宋体, MS Song">System Disk or Disk Error<o:p></o:p></FONT></SPAN></P>
<P><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Arial Unicode MS'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Arial Unicode MS'">　　</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体"><FONT face="宋体, MS Song">Replace And Press any key when ready(</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Arial Unicode MS'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Arial Unicode MS'">非系统盘或磁盘错误，重新换盘后按任意键</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体"><FONT face="宋体, MS Song">)<o:p></o:p></FONT></SPAN></P>
<P><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Arial Unicode MS'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Arial Unicode MS'">　　</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体"><FONT face="宋体, MS Song">DOS BOOT</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Arial Unicode MS'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Arial Unicode MS'">区中的引导程序执行后发现错误，报此信息。其可能的原因有：硬盘根目录区第一扇区地址出界</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体"><FONT face="宋体, MS Song">(</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Arial Unicode MS'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Arial Unicode MS'">在</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体"><FONT face="宋体, MS Song">540M</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Arial Unicode MS'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Arial Unicode MS'">之后</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体"><FONT face="宋体, MS Song">)</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Arial Unicode MS'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Arial Unicode MS'">、读盘出错。这类故障大多为软件故障，如果</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体"><FONT face="宋体, MS Song">BPB</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Arial Unicode MS'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Arial Unicode MS'">表损坏，即用软盘启动后，硬盘不能正常读写，可以用</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体"><FONT face="宋体, MS Song">NDD</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Arial Unicode MS'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Arial Unicode MS'">修复；如果</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体"><FONT face="宋体, MS Song">BPB</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Arial Unicode MS'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Arial Unicode MS'">表完好，只需简单的</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体"><FONT face="宋体, MS Song">SYS C</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Arial Unicode MS'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Arial Unicode MS'">：传送系统就可引导。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体"><FONT face="宋体, MS Song">7</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Arial Unicode MS'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Arial Unicode MS'">、</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体"><FONT face="宋体, MS Song">NO ROM BASIC(</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Arial Unicode MS'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Arial Unicode MS'">没有固化</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体"><FONT face="宋体, MS Song">BASIC)<o:p></o:p></FONT></SPAN></P>
<P><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Arial Unicode MS'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Arial Unicode MS'">　　</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体"><FONT face="宋体, MS Song">SYSTEM HALT(</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Arial Unicode MS'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Arial Unicode MS'">系统停机</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体"><FONT face="宋体, MS Song">)<o:p></o:p></FONT></SPAN></P>
<P><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Arial Unicode MS'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Arial Unicode MS'">　　这种错误在</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体"><FONT face="宋体, MS Song">486</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Arial Unicode MS'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Arial Unicode MS'">及以前的机器上常常出现，是相当古老的机器才会出现的提示。主引导程序的作用，就是在分区表的四个表项中找出一个激活分区</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体"><FONT face="宋体, MS Song">(</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Arial Unicode MS'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Arial Unicode MS'">可自举分区</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体"><FONT face="宋体, MS Song">)</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Arial Unicode MS'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Arial Unicode MS'">。如果四个表项中没有一个是激活分区，系统就不知从何处引导操作系统，只能执行</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体"><FONT face="宋体, MS Song">INT 188H</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Arial Unicode MS'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Arial Unicode MS'">，调用固化</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体"><FONT face="宋体, MS Song">BASIC</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Arial Unicode MS'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Arial Unicode MS'">程序，如果没有固化</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体"><FONT face="宋体, MS Song">BASIC</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Arial Unicode MS'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Arial Unicode MS'">，就会引起死机。所以最简单的修复方法，就是用</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体"><FONT face="宋体, MS Song">FDISK</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Arial Unicode MS'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Arial Unicode MS'">在硬盘上设置一个活动分区。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体"><FONT face="宋体, MS Song">8</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Arial Unicode MS'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Arial Unicode MS'">、显示出</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体"><FONT face="宋体, MS Song">"Starting Windows</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Arial Unicode MS'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Arial Unicode MS'">…</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体"><FONT face="宋体, MS Song">"</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Arial Unicode MS'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Arial Unicode MS'">，然后死机</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Arial Unicode MS'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Arial Unicode MS'">　　一般来说，这是由于</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体"><FONT face="宋体, MS Song">CONFIG.SYS</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Arial Unicode MS'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Arial Unicode MS'">和</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体"><FONT face="宋体, MS Song">AUTOEXC.BAT</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Arial Unicode MS'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Arial Unicode MS'">中的可执行文件本身已经损坏，使得系统在执行到此文件时死机。这个故障非常简单，但因为没有什么故障信息，一般人很容易出现误判。当出现这种现象，并且确信系统文件是完好的，就可以取掉这两个文件，或者在屏幕上出现以上信息时，快速按下</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体"><FONT face="宋体, MS Song">F8</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Arial Unicode MS'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Arial Unicode MS'">键，然后选择单步执行，找出已经损坏的文件。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体"><FONT face="宋体, MS Song">9</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Arial Unicode MS'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Arial Unicode MS'">、</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体"><FONT face="宋体, MS Song">Invalid Partition table(</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Arial Unicode MS'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Arial Unicode MS'">无效的分区表</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体"><FONT face="宋体, MS Song">)<o:p></o:p></FONT></SPAN></P>
<P><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Arial Unicode MS'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Arial Unicode MS'">　　在找到激活分区后，主引导程序还将判断余下的三个表项的</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体"><FONT face="宋体, MS Song">"</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Arial Unicode MS'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Arial Unicode MS'">分区引导标志</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体"><FONT face="宋体, MS Song">"</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Arial Unicode MS'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Arial Unicode MS'">字节（首字节）是否均为</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体"><FONT face="宋体, MS Song">0</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Arial Unicode MS'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Arial Unicode MS'">，即确认是否只有唯一的激活分区，如果有一个不为</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体"><FONT face="宋体, MS Song">0</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Arial Unicode MS'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Arial Unicode MS'">，系统就报错并死机。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体"><FONT face="宋体, MS Song">10</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Arial Unicode MS'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Arial Unicode MS'">、</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体"><FONT face="宋体, MS Song">Invalid Media Type Reading Drive X</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Arial Unicode MS'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Arial Unicode MS'">（</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体"><FONT face="宋体, MS Song">X</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Arial Unicode MS'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Arial Unicode MS'">驱动器介质类型无效）</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Arial Unicode MS'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Arial Unicode MS'">　　</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体"><FONT face="宋体, MS Song">Abort, Retry,Fail?<o:p></o:p></FONT></SPAN></P>
<P><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Arial Unicode MS'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Arial Unicode MS'">　　这条信息是针对</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体"><FONT face="宋体, MS Song">DOS BOOT</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Arial Unicode MS'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Arial Unicode MS'">区中无效的</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体"><FONT face="宋体, MS Song">BPB</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Arial Unicode MS'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Arial Unicode MS'">表而提示的。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体"><FONT face="宋体, MS Song">BPB</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Arial Unicode MS'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Arial Unicode MS'">表是</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体"><FONT face="宋体, MS Song">DOS</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Arial Unicode MS'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Arial Unicode MS'">读写硬盘所用的逻辑地址换算成物理地址的桥梁，</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体"><FONT face="宋体, MS Song">BPB</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Arial Unicode MS'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Arial Unicode MS'">表损坏，会使</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体"><FONT face="宋体, MS Song">DOS</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Arial Unicode MS'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Arial Unicode MS'">对磁盘的操作无从谈起。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体"><FONT face="宋体, MS Song">11</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Arial Unicode MS'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Arial Unicode MS'">、</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体"><FONT face="宋体, MS Song">HDC controller fail</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Arial Unicode MS'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Arial Unicode MS'">（硬盘控制器控制失败）</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>
<P><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Arial Unicode MS'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Arial Unicode MS'">　　这类故障是硬件故障，</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体"><FONT face="宋体, MS Song">POST</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: 'Arial Unicode MS'; mso-hansi-font-family: 'Arial Unicode MS'">程序向控制器发出复位命令后，在规定的时间内没有得到控制器的中断响应，可能是控制器损坏或电缆没接好，另外，控制器控制失败与硬盘参数设置是否正确也有关。</SPAN><SPAN lang=EN-US style="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 宋体"><o:p></o:p></SPAN></P>